Glue Logic Functions

About five months ago I started a new section covering basic IC functions. Of course when I started it, the section only consisted of a few pages but every month of so I add another page. Better yet I go back to one of the previous page addition and add more data.

So a week or so I added a new page covering the 74L121 Monostable Multivibrator [also 74L122]. In addition a sub page to hold the 74L121 Timing Graphs, which were a bit larger to fit on the same page.

These new pages relate to a few others already listed; Transistor One Shots, and a CMOS One Shot IC, and the 555 One Shot.

I think the newest page before that covered Hex Inverter ICs. Before that I think it was Bus Transceiver ICs. The point is that the section is slowly growing in size, and content. Engineering Topics home.

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74244 Octal Buffer

Added a new page to show some details regarding the 74244 Octal Buffer. I was adding the page to have a link of one of the interface bus pages, but now I can't remember which interface uses the 74244 buffer. This particular buffer is a 74HCT244 which comes in a 20-pin PSOP, so a link from that page points to it too.

A link also points in from the main Functional IC Schematics page, and the individual page that covers 16-bit Buffer ICs. Like all other new pages I also added a link to the Engineering Sitemap for the Engineering Web Portal.

The link text used for the last two links are used so the search engine sees something other than a link to 'home' or 'sitemap'.

555 Projects

A few weeks back I added a few more pages related to the 555 timer. One circuit uses additional passive components to compensate for the tolerance of the external capacitor; 555 Timer Tolerance Compensation. The second page covers a Reducing Frequency 555 Oscillator. Both circuits are connected as Astable Multivibrator circuits.

Both pages were added to the engineering site map, but it does not appear that either page ever made it to this blog. I only noticed because both of those 555 pages have only received 2 visits in the last two months. It's almost like neither page has been index by Google? However I think the pages were only added 3 weeks ago.


For what ever reason my computer is slowing down to a crawl so I'll end this post and re-boot. Although I think the connection with the internet is going south. But I don't really want to reset the modem because a few of the open pages won't like it, including this blog as it auto saves about once a minute.

-- Ok that work, must have just been a memory leak.
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555 Timer Operation

Following the last post concerning the 555 Timer IC circuits, I added a new page to cover the functional operation of the 555 Timer. This page is written a bit different then the previous pages and tries to explain how the 555 IC functions. Although it does use the circuit setup of a Monostable Multivibrator to explain how a 555 functions, the page is written from a different perspective then the existing 555 Monostable listing.

It does use some of the same text as the Monostable 555 circuit, so I still need to re-read it to fix the text flow; but I did up-load the page today regardless. A few of the same 555 graphic files are reused as well, in addition to a new 555 schematic picture. I have two more 555 circuit graphics, so I plan to generate two more pages today, and I'll be sure to update the page as I add those new links.

At first I was going to have the new page act as a top level topic for the 555, it turned out that the current 555 circuit pages were only listed in passing. Currently the only page listing that references how a 555 functions is the page covering Functional IC Schematics [Internal IC Schematics]. Or not, I just added the link to the other three 555 circuit pages.

Now I've been going to design reviews for 25 years and don't recall ever seeing a 555 IC in any review. That's not to say there any thing wrong with the 555, but it does deserve a mention. So I may generate a page to cover that opinion, regardless of the fact that 100,000's are sold each year. The 555 functional page is already to long, so it's a new topic anyway and gets a new page.

Graphic; IC Multivibrator Block Diagram.

555 Timer IC Circuits

Added three new pages covering 555 Timer circuits. There's already so much info about the 555 on the web, but I'd been wanting to add the 555 data for awhile now. I don't expect much traffic to the pages because of the other web pages but it still my help some one who is already on the site looking for related information.

Now what I did is start one page and then copy that incomplete page into two other pages. That way as I begin to write the pages most of the text does not turn out to be identical. However that leads to copy-paste errors. But the pages start with the correct back ground data. I think I have corrected most of the typo errors, but I'll get the rest tomorrow.

Anyway I added a page that covers a 555 Monostable Multivibrator circuit, which include a schematic, timing equations and a description. The same holds for the page covering the 555 Astable Multivibrator circuit which was added. Then off the Astable page I linked in a page for a 50% Duty Cycle 555 Multivibrator. The 50% duty cycle page may still have typo's after being generated from the Astable page, but I'll fix them. No one should really be able to find these pages yet anyway, so they should be alright for another 12 hours.

Oh all of the pages appear as if they reside in the Engineering Dictionary section. Linked from the definitions of either Astable Multivibrator, or Monostable Multivibrator definitions. Looks like they are also linked from the Timer definition too. I also already had a page covering a 4098 Monostable Multivibrator so I went ahead and placed a link to the 555 Monostable Multivibrator circuit. Other then that I don't see any other pages I could use to link to the 555 schematics, although I would like a few more. It is what it is, more links may grow over time. Maybe I'll generate a top-level 555 circuits page if more schematics get generated.

Graphic: Internal Block Diagram of a 555 Timer IC, 8-pin circuit package.

Switching Regulator ICs

I started a new page to cover Switching Regulator ICs. I already have a few new graphics and some definitions in addition to text about switching regulators.

The new page is linked off one of the Regulator Manufacturers page and the Dictionary page covering the Definition of Switching Regulators.

So far I only have two picture files, but look at my hard drive later for another pic file.

As I get the page on switching regulators worked up, maybe by the end of the week, I may add a page to cover linear regulators. I may be able to come up with a few gifs relating to linear regulators. Oh, this new page is not about power supplies, unless you consider a switching regulator IC a power supply. 

But one new page was added, with two new gif files. There have also been several other pic files loaded over the last week, just not to new pages.

CMOS Monostable Multivibrator

I added a new page to show the functional schematic of a CMOS 4098 IC, a Monostable Multivibrator. The page is linked off the page covering IC Functional Schematics. That section currently has 25 pages of functional IC schematics.

A related page covers Transistor Multivibrator Circuits. All the pages are linked off the Engineering Dictionary, for what ever reason.

I also updated the MIL-STD-1553 page too, in addition to many other pages.

Graphic; C5 Galaxy Transport Aircraft, in flight. USAF photo.

Seven Segment Driver

Following last months additions of Functional IC Schematics. I added a new function showing the internal gate schematic of a BCD to 7-Segment Decoder Driver. The page is also linked of the page covering a few LED Terms. It seems like I had already added a seven segment decoder page but I couldn't find it, maybe I just wanted to add it and never did.

Companies that produce LEDs, and Display Module Manufacturers.

So second new page addition for the new year, and this is blog posting 193.
Page visits are back up to 9,000 per day, and I hope next week will bring them back to their normal 9,500 a-day.

IC Encoders and Converters

Just like the last few page additions, these new links were added to the Functional Schematics page.
The first page covers an Excess-3 Code to Decimal Decoder. I'm a bit unsure what the difference is between an Encoder or Decoder. Couldn't any Encoder be considered a Decoder, depending on if the input or output is being referenced?

Anyway the second addition was for a variation of the same thing; an Excess-3 Gray code to Decimal Decoder.

I also added a link from the 'Ex' Definitions page. I may also add a link to the Definition of Encoders page. Looks like this page is missing a Decoder Definition.

It appears there are now 23 pages in this new section of IC functional diagrams.

Integrated Circuit Functional Diagrams

Added yet more pages today on the topic of functional schematics. These three new pages all cover AND-OR Invert gates. The first is a Dual 2-input AND-OR gate. The next is a Quad 2-Input AND-OR gate. The final is 2-Wide Dual 2-Input AND-OR Invert Expander gate. ~ or something to that effect. Anyway I don't expect any incoming hits, but all the pages are crossed linked. Also they are all linked of the IC Functions page.

I think I also added a page on DIP Switches, or maybe it was last night.

It's not all about three new pages that will see little or no visits, 23 other pages were updated today.

The graphic is a AND-OR Carry Function from a counter.

Who makes Analog Switches

So in support of the page covering Analog Switch vendors; another new page was added showing an Analog Switch Functional schematic. This new one is a double position, while the previous page was a Single Throw Analog Switch.

Not much to either of those pages but the pin out information for a 14-pin DIP package. But it's another data page in support, so the addition doesn't hurt.
Graphic; Dual Function Single Position Double Throw Analog Switch.

Functional IC Schematics

Yet more Functional schematics for different Integrated Circuits [IC] were added last night.
A page was added to include a Shift Register circuit, with component part numbers. Also one to include a Parity Checker or Parity generator circuit, with just a few part numbers. Another page includes Flip Flop gates. This one does not include gates with Output Enable lines, so I may add another page later to include those types of flip flops.
To support the page on Decoder chips, a page was adder for Encoder Chips. But neither page provides IC part numbers, at least for now.

I think I also added a page on Binary Adders. I may have also added a listing of Analog Switch ICs. Might be about it. As normal, I'll add some more data in a few days. Semiconductor manufacturers, and Standard Logic manufacturers.

Graphic: Dual Analog Switch in a Dual In-Line package, with pinout.

IC Schematics

Even more internal IC schematics were added last night. So far they were all linked off the Multiplexer IC page, but by the end of this posting I'll have added a top level page.

Although I didn't have a circuit diagram for an Analog Switch, I did add one for an Analog Multiplexer IC. One circuit for now, but I my add a few more different configurations of Mux schematics and more data too.

Also added a page for a Clock Buffer. That page only shows one 10-line clock buffer schematic and no information, but I hope to add some part numbers some time today. Some what related to clock buffers, a Data Buffer circuit was added. Just a 16-bit buffer circuit, again with no supporting data.

I new page showing a 4-bit Up/Down Counter was also added. Now the counter page actually has some information attached to it. However that page is still waiting on some part number, but like all these pages I hope to get much of the data input today.

The last page addition was a simple Decode IC circuit.

Ok, well I went ahead and added a top level page to the Logic Design section; IC Functional Circuits.

So in the last few days 10 new pages were added, getting any page views from them is a different matter. These pages will turn into a lot of work while producing no incoming visits like the 2N3418 derating curves. While up-dating that page I noticed that the TO-23 Case page was still sitting at a rank of zero, so I updated it a bit. Same deal with the TO-46 Metal Case.

Graphic; Schmitt Trigger IC, Inverter/Buffer.

Identity Comparator ICs

I spent much of my available time just making some standard up-dates to the list of Components Manufacturers. However I made sure I had time to add a new page; on an Identity Comparator Schematic. I don't think I'll be adding the definition to the Electronics Dictionary. But because the Identity Comparator function is almost identical to a Magnitude Comparator, a link was added off that page. Because I had some 'white space' on the Multiplexer IC page I added the link there too.
Seems like I still have one or two more functional IC schematic that I could upload, maybe in the next few days. Oh each of these page also show all the available IC part numbers as well.  Digital Semiconductor Devices.

Graphic; Differential Receiver IC. Click for a larger image.

Integrated Circuit Functions

A new page was added to cover the definition of a Magnitude Comparator IC. The listing was added in support of the new definition of Magnitude Comparator that was added to the dictionary section.

This follows Fridays blog posting on IC Number Conversions when the page BCD to Decimal Converter Circuit was added. Which followed last Wednesdays blog posting on IC Multiplexers, in which the detailed schematic of an IC Multiplexer was added in support of the definition of Multiplexing.

Also in support of the definition of Parity Check, a schematic was added to that definition, although it didn't make it to its own page. However this schematic may also be moved to a new page at a later date.

Although some what unrelated, a CANbus transceiver circuit was added to the CAN Bus listing. Also when the PI-Bus interface was listed the other day, a PI-Bus transceiver schematic was added to that page. When the JTAG Interface page was updated last week, a schematic of a JTAG Scan Device was added as well. Some time around there a Physical Layer Transceiver was added to the SpaceWire listing. All Avionic Buses for some reason, random chance....

Anyway the next new page to interfacebus will either be another functional IC schematic to tag onto this posting or an IC foot-print to follow yesterdays blog posting.

Graphic; Quad, Dual-Input AND gate Integrated Circuit [click for a larger image].

Non standard IC Packages

Although I did update a number of pages today, I'm back to adding more IC packages.

I started by up-dating the DIP Package page, making a new entry for a Through-hole Dual In-Line package from that listing. I copied the dual in-line listing to make a Surface-mount J-Lead Dual In-Line package. I had another graphic but I'll get to it on Monday, I had to many pages open at once.

Anyway the dual-row DIP was the non-standard part I was referring to, not sure but I think it was a 1553 part.

Much of the updates today centered on updating pages without a page rank that had not be touched in the last 4 months. For example; Antenna Terms, Radar Terms, or Engineering Acronyms. If the page did not require a text update, then I made some embedded site-wide changes that many pages are getting.

Graphic; HMS Ark Royal and USS-Nimitz. Open Source.

Package Types used by Integrated Circuits

Although a Small Outline IC was already listed on the IC Surface Mount Packages page, the link pointed to the same page, or the graphic at the top of the page. However I did have a link to a Gull Wing IC package. Anyway I added a new page for SOIC packaged ICs. In connection with the SOIC page I also added a page to hold a Plastic Small Outline Package, which I assume is about the same as an SOIC.

Yet another new surface mount package added was a Land Grid Array, or LGA package. After uploading the grapic to the left I went ahead and added a page to hold a Quad Flat Pack IC. At any rate, the main IC Packages page was updated to point to these new additions.

Of course some of these packages are very common and an engineer will not need a page to show a graphic of an IC they use every day. But their addition tends to round out the site regardless of how common the package styles are. So this small section of pages just received four new ICs today, and 2 others yesterday; with the additions of the LCC Package, and Unformed Lead, Leaded Chip Carrier. It appears that the last IC package added was back in August [IC Package Styles] for the TQFP IC.

Introduced a few new items to the GPIB page.

Graphic is a Quad Flat Pack IC, click for a larger view.

Number Conversion ICs

To support the page covering Gray Code conversion, a new page was linked in for BCD to Decimal conversion. The original Gary Code definition listing was updated at the same time. The BCD page uses the same number conversion table as before because it shows BCD to decimal numbering, but also provides a schematic for a BCD to Decimal circuit. In this case I also added a few generic part number that do the conversion with out the need for AND/OR gates.

Also added two new Surface-Mount IC Packages; a graphic for a Leaded Chip Carrier, and a graphic for an Unformed-Lead Leaded Chip Carrier. I'm not really sure what the acronym is for an LCC with unformed leads. As with a number of other pages, these only serve to hold the graphic. One graphic helps to speed page loading and keep down confusion. I should be adding a few more today, if I don't get side tracked.

Graphic; Dual, Quad Input NAND gate IC package.

IC Multiplexers

I added a new page to cover IC Multiplexers, and a few multiplexer graphics. I also started with a definition of multiplexers and added many of the common part numbers for integrated circuit multiplexers. I'll be adding more part numbers over the next few days. The new page is added off the Multiplexer Dictionary page.

At the same time a few other graphics were added to the site.

On a side issue, I noted that a few of my key words are seeing a decline over the last year;
Can Bus. also Canbus, and USB Interface.

IC Package Styles

A new page was added to cover the Thin Quad Flat Pack IC Package; TQFP Style.

It is one of a number of pages covering IC package styles. The two main sections cover Surface Mount packages, and Through-Hole packages.

Many of the individual pages relating to Integrated Circuit [IC] packages were also up-dated or optimized. A number of pages did not have captions for the graphics or HTML 'alt' tags to indicate what the graphic or picture related too.

Related pages; Diode Packages, Transistor Packages.